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2.4 Optimization of capital market structureGuide long-term funds to enter the market: Personal pension is a long-term fund, and its investment in index funds will help guide more long-term funds to enter the capital market and enhance market stability.The inclusion of index funds helps to optimize the structure of the capital market and increase the proportion of institutional investors. According to market analysis, the full implementation of individual pension will attract more institutional investors to participate in the market, thus improving the maturity and efficiency of the market. The increase of institutional investors will promote more rational and long-term value investment in the market and reduce irrational fluctuations in the market.

The pressure on basic old-age insurance is increasing: with the aging population, the growth rate of basic old-age insurance fund expenditure exceeds the growth rate of income, and it is estimated that the basic old-age pension gap will be close to 3 trillion yuan by 2030.The entry of long-term funds into the market helps to reduce short-term fluctuations in the market and enhance market stability. Personal pension as a long-term fund, its investment in index funds will reduce speculative transactions in the market and enhance the long-term investment attributes of the market. According to market research, long-term capital entry into the market can reduce market volatility and improve market efficiency and stability, which is of great significance to the healthy development of the capital market.The introduction of index funds provides more diversified investment options for individual pension investors. The first batch of 85 index funds cover broad-based index, dividend index and other categories, including Shanghai and Shenzhen 300 Index, CSI A500 Index, Growth Enterprise Market Index, etc. These index funds have clear investment styles and low rates, which can meet the needs of investors with different risk preferences. According to market analysis, broad-based index funds can reflect the overall performance of the market, while dividend strategy index funds focus on listed companies with high dividend ratio, providing a stable source of income for pension investment.

Underdevelopment of the third pillar: Compared with developed countries, the scale of the second and third pillar pensions in China is relatively low, which needs to be promoted through policy guidance.2.5 Investor Education and Financial Literacy ImprovementThe aging of the population is increasing: the proportion of people over 60 years old in China continues to increase, and it is expected to reach 29.9% by 2040, which poses great pressure on the existing old-age security system.